رعایت پروتکل های بهداشتی ,فاصله اجتماعی و استفاده از ماسک در برابر کرونا مهم و ضروری است...

 

water structures

our master, MAY your soul through the mercy of god, rest in peace

Prof. Dr. Parviz Kardavani

(Exemplary Professor of the Tehran University 1998 (1377) & 2001 (1380), “Exemplary Researcher” of the Tehran University 2006 (1385), “National Permanent Scientific Figure 2005 (1384))

A Summary of Educational Situation & Scientific Activities

Born in 1931 (1310 according to the Iranian calendar) in Garmsar (Iran), he completed his elementary and high school education in this city and in Tehran and continued his higher education in Germany, where he received his Ph.D in agricultural science (Desert Agriculture). For his dissertation he transferred about one ton of desert soil (salt field) from Iran to Germany and analyzed it during 4 years.

He obtained his Ph.D in 1966 (1345), as the best student of agriculture in Germany in that year and received numerous awards on the occasion from the relevant authorities in Germany and Iran. In the same year he returned to Iran, where he became the first faculty member of the newly founded scientific board at Urumieh University. On 19/03/1969 (28/12/1347) he moved to the Department of Geography at Tehran University.

Positions by Preserving the Educational Duties:

General Manager of the Office of Educational Research at Tehran University (1966-1975) (1345-54). Founder and Director of the Iranian Desert Research Centre affiliated to Tehran University (1975-79) (1354-58).

Honors:

participation in the establishment of the Ministry of Sciences and the Rezaieh (Urumieh) Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
founder of the Iranian Desert and Kawirs Research Centre (International Symbiosis with Desert Centre)
five years research in Lout Desert (Iran) and the new discoveries of its unique specialties in the world (1968-1972) (1347-51)
attaining the second rank of scientific efficiency among the 1988 (1367) scientific board members of Tehran University and the affiliated institutes during the academic years from 1994 up to 1997 (1373-76)
appointed as the “Exemplary Professor” of Tehran University in 1998 (1377), on which occasion he was encouraged and appreciated by the authorities of the university and the ministers of the Ministry of Science and Culture and Islamic Guidance
appointed as distinguished personality and cultural character of his native province (Semnan) in 1998 (1377)
achieved three academic ranks in one year, 2000 (1379), (two ranks to appreciate his valuable educational research and scientific services)
“Exemplary Professor” of Tehran University in 2001 (1380)
winner of “Mehregan Elm” Award for writing the best scientific book out of 157 books in 2001 (1380)
appointed as the principal member of the Scientific Pole of Tehran University in 2001 (1380)
appointed as “Exemplary Professor” of his native province (Semnan)
achieving rank 29 of professorship in 2003 (1382) after passing from lecturer to professor
appointed as the “Exemplary Researcher” of Tehran University in 2006 (1385), on which occasion a postage stamp was printed in his honor
founder of the Desert Classification Centre at Semnan University in 2007 (1386)
admission and registration of his biography and scientific activities at the Organization of Documents and the National Library of Iran in 2007 (1386)
appointed as the “Exemplary Writer” of Tehran University and presentation of new perspectives on the deserts (the deserts as economical and touristic resources as well as a job-creation scheme for the whole country by the grace of god)
printing a book on this occasion, under the title “Theoretical Seat: New Perspectives on the Deserts (Salina)” in 2008 (1387), from the publications of Tehran University (in two languages: Persian and English)

Chinese army warns dam battered by storms could collapse

Chinese army warns dam battered by storms could collapse
by AFP Staff Writers
Beijing (AFP) July 20, 2021

stock image only

The Chinese army warned that a stricken dam in the centre of the country "could collapse at any time" after being severely damaged in torrential storms that killed at least three people and brought the region to a standstill.

Weather authorities have issued the highest warning level for central Henan province as downpours caused widespread disruption and the evacuation of residents of flooded streets.

On Tuesday evening the regional unit of the People's Liberation Army warned that the relentless downpour had caused a 20-meter breach in the Yihetan dam in Luoyang -- a city of around seven million people -- with the risk that it "may collapse at any time."

The PLA's Central Theater Command said it had sent soldiers to carry out an emergency response including blasting and flood diversion.

"On July 20, a 20-meter breach occurred at the Yihetan dam ....the riverbank was severely damaged and the dam may collapse at any time," it said in the statement.

Floods are common during China's rainy season, which causes annual chaos and washes away roads, crops and houses.

But the threat has worsened over the decades, due in part to widespread construction of dams and levees that have cut connections between the river and adjacent lakes and disrupted floodplains that had helped absorb the summer surge.

- Flooded subway -

In the nearby city of Zhengzhou, at least one person died and two more were missing since heavy rain began battering the city, according to the state-run People's Daily, which reported that houses have collapsed.

Local media reported that two people died when a wall collapsed in another district of the city.

According to the weather authorities, the rainfall was the highest recorded since record keeping began sixty years ago as the city saw an average year's worth of rainfall in just three days.

Authorities closed Zhengzhou's flooded subway system and cancelled hundreds of flights.

Unverified videos on social media showed passengers in a flooded underground train carriage in Zhengzhou clinging to handles as the water inside surged to shoulder height, with some standing on seats.

Water could be seen gushing through an empty underground platform in state broadcaster CCTV's footage.

On its official Weibo account, the fire service shared reports that passengers were being rescued from stranded trains, but did not post its own statement.

One passenger's account said fire and rescue workers had opened a hole in the roof of her carriage and evacuated passengers one by one.

Footage showed one man sitting on top of his half-submerged car in an underpass.

More than 10,000 people had been evacuated as of Tuesday afternoon, said provincial authorities, warning that 16 reservoirs had seen water rise to dangerous levels as downpours ruined thousands of acres of crops and caused damage amounting to around $11 million.

Existing floating solutions and proposed deep water support structures for WTs

Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System

How Shushtar Water Structures Index Works

Shushtar water structures in the UNESCO World Heritage List include several works that we are going to introduce:

1. level dam: As you know, for agriculture, the land must be irrigated with river water, and due to the low level of the river from the land, the water must be raised. Today, water is pumped from the river, but in the past, there was no pump! So they created a structure called a dam, which is built perpendicular to the river and keeps its surface high by blocking the flow of water.

2. Pergola Tower: This tower was built in the Qajar period and is located next to the Shatit River. This place was the place where the Roman emperor or Sassanid Shapur supervised the river and the work of the workers. Of course, some consider it a place to monitor the amount and intensity of river flow.

3. Gargar River: This river was dug in the north of Shushtar city during the Achaemenid period for the development of water structures in the city. Reasons for the construction of this river include reducing the volume of water in the Karun River, irrigating the lands above the Karun River and the security of the city.

4. Gargar Bridge: The history of the construction of this bridge dates back to the Sassanid period and the reason for its construction is to divert the water route from the handmade and historical river Gargar and the water to the windmill tunnels.

5. Waterfalls and water mills: The most significant parts of this complex are located next to the Gargar Bridge and along the Gargar River. There are a large number of windmills in this complex, which is a clear example of using water force to rotate windmills. The complex is divided into three parts: the eastern courtyard, the northern courtyard, and the western courtyard.

Other buildings of this huge and large complex include the Ayar or Sabi Tower bridge, which is located on the Gargar River and at the bottom of the waterfalls, which was built during the Sassanid period. Shushtar Salasel Castle is also a very large fortress which is located next to the Shatit River and has various sections including several courtyards, barracks, stables, baths, naves, towers, gardens, tin house, shrine house, kitchen, and multiple gates. Salasel Castle is the official residence of the governor of Khuzestan and is located on a mountain that is like a small plateau and has been renovated many times.

Shadorvan Bridge is another part of Shushtar’s huge collection of water structures, some of which are called the oldest bridges in the world. The bridge had 44, of which only 16 spans with arches and 8 spans without arches can be seen. Shah Ali Bridge is also left from the Safavid period and is located on Daryoun Creek.

This bridge, which is no longer used after the construction of the new bridge between Ahvaz and Shushtar, had several arches, of which only 3 arches remain today. The Lashkar Bridge, which dates back to the Sassanid period, is located next to one of the six historical gates of Shushtar.

Currently, this bridge is considered to be the healthiest bridge left from the Sassanid period, which is visited by many tourists.

Shushtar mills and waterfalls are one of the most technical and engineering masterpieces in the world due to their construction time. This engineering masterpiece is unique both in Iran and in the world. And always a large number of tourists visit these magnificent historical monuments. You can also buy your Iran tours from the To Iran Tour’s website to see these historical structures and experience a pleasant trip.

Digital design of hydraulic structures

Three-dimensional calculations applied to fluid dynamics are today taking on an increasingly important role in engineering. We take a closer look at this innovative method.

Very often, modelling is necessary to design hydraulic infrastructure and understand the movements that happen inside it. As the liquid flows in these structures are overwhelmingly made up of chaotic movements called “turbulences”, engineers must be able to forecast their effects when designing a structure or a system. Unfortunately, turbulent movement is very complex, most often displaying three dimensional and unstable characteristics.

This is why digital simulation can be particularly useful to the engineer, as analytical calculation would be inefficient here. One of the main advantages of digital calculation is its propensity to produce virtual variations of the geometric, dynamic and physical parameters of the problem addressed, thereby avoiding the need to conduct and repeat time-consuming experiments.

This method, known as computational fluid dynamics, or CFD (see below), contributes more detailed knowledge of complex hydraulic phenomena and as a result helps to optimise the structure’s design. Quicker to implement than a physical model approach, it is also cheaper and thus helps reduce the construction costs of the structure. All these reasons have led Egis to make this methodology one of its production standards.

A classic example: the upgrade of the SIAAP plant in Clichy

The Paris region sanitation authority SIAAP, which in 2012 commenced a project to upgrade its Clichy plant (a massive combined sewerage pre-treatment and distribution facility), appointed us to carry out most of the hydraulic studies for the project in its design phase. This assignment was complex in view of the structures to be built, their massive scale and the similarly exceptional flows involved.

The project comprises the total overhaul of the infrastructure used to receive and distribute wastewater to the various parts of the plant, the construction of a new pre-treatment unit and the construction of a 70,000m3 storage facility and its feeding system (down shaft, gallery, etc). All these systems have highly complex geometrical characteristics and simulated shape.

While the modelling approach should never be considered as the only possible method, in this particular case it is both advantageous and complementary to traditional methods which use analytical calculations and a physical model. It furthermore proved its reliability on several occasions, in particular when it very clearly described the hydraulic and airflow workings of the down shaft, a structure subject to high pressure. These workings were later substantiated through verifications on a physical model.

به یاد استاد عزیز پروفسور حسین صدقی - روحش شاد و یادش گرامی

پروفسور حسين صدقي اولين فرد ايراني بود كه دكتراي تخصصي در رشته هيدرولوژي دريافت کرد و اولین کتاب هیدرولوژی فارسی با عنوان مقدمه ای بر هیدرولوژی توسط این بزرگوار به رشته تحریر در آمد. ايشان براي  اخذ درجه دكترا در فرانسه تحصيل و دوره فرصت مطالعاتي را در آمريكا گذراند و لذا به زبانهاي فرانسه و انگليسي مسلط بود. بدون اغراق ايشان يكي از بهترين هيدرولوژيست هاي دنيا و ازمفاخر علمي ايران زمين و از چهره هاي ماندگار علمي خواهد ماند. ايشان علاوه بر مقام والاي علمي از نظر اخلاقي نيز در مرتبه اي بسيار بالا و بي نظير قرار داشت و يك معلم اخلاق واقعي بود. حسن خلق، متانت، صبر، فروتني و برخورد بسيار محترمانه با ديگران در كنار سطح علمي بالا، از ايشان انساني بسيار دوست داشتني ساخته بود. روحش شاد و یادش گرامی

 

نرم افزار های جدید سال

بحران آب

Climate change

Climate change triggers Great Barrier Reef bleaching
by Staff Writers
Townsville, Australia (SPX) Apr 08, 2020

Bleached reef at Kepples, QLD, Australia in March 2020.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Australia's iconic Great Barrier Reef is experiencing its third coral bleaching event in just five years. The 2020 bleaching is severe, and more widespread than earlier events.

"We surveyed 1,036 reefs from the air during the last two weeks in March, to measure the extent and severity of coral bleaching throughout the Barrier Reef region," said Professor Terry Hughes, Director of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies at James Cook University.

"For the first time, severe bleaching has struck all three regions of the Great Barrier Reef - the northern, central and now large parts of the southern sectors," Prof Hughes said.

معرفی کتاب

This text integrates a wide range of research and tidal resource theory and data to present a detailed analysis of the physics and oceanography of tidal stream power devices together with a world wide resource analysis. Clearly structured throughout the book is divided into two distinct parts

Part One provides the theoretical background to the subject and deals with the historical development of the harmonic method for the synthesis of tidal currents; the principles of fluid and tidal flow and the principles of device ducts, turbines and electrical systems. A review and analysis of more than forty tidal stream power proposals is also discussed

Part Two provides a comprehensive overview of current practice. The economic modelling of tidal stream power installations is covered with more than three hundred current meter records from around the world used to analyse the potential and cost of tidal stream power on a global basis

Hallmark Features

• reviews the tidal resources around the world
• complete analysis of tidal stream power systems
• includes historical information on tidal science and biographical information on major figures
• concentrates on engineering physical geography rather than engineering specifics
• includes a website with a wide range of computer models, data and simulations

برترین های نشریات ISI

برترین های نشریات ISI  از لحاظ Impact Factor در موضوعات آب ، سازه هیدرولیکی ، سواحل و سازه های دریایی ، هیدرولیک و هیدرولوژی

ACI structural journal  

• Canadian journal of civil engineering
• China ocean engineering
• Civil engineering and environmental systems
• Civil engineering
• Coastal engineering.
• Coastal engineering journal
• Cold regions science and technology
• IEEE journal of oceanic engineering
• Ingeniería hidráulica en México
• International journal of offshore and polar engineering
• Journal / American Water Works Association
• Journal of cold regions engineering
• Journal of environmental engineering ASCE -
• Journal of hydraulic engineering-ASCE
• Journal of hydraulic research
• Journal of hydrology
• Journal of hydrologic engineering – ASCE
• Journal of irrigation and drainage engineering-ASCE
• Journal of marine science and technology
• Journal of water resources planning and management.-ASCE
• J WATER SUPPLY REST
• Journal of waterway, port, coastal, and ocean engineering-ASCE
• Ocean engineering
• Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers. Water management
• Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment : research journal
• Water international
• Water resources management